Oilfield Equipment – Classification, Procurement & Installation
With the development of the petrochemical industry, the degree of reliance on oil is also increasing, so the installation of oilfield equipment and the construction technology of gathering and transportation pipelines are also particularly important.
What is oilfield equipment?
Simple technological process Oil production methods include self-spraying oil recovery and mechanical oil recovery. Self-spraying oil recovery is an oil recovery method in which crude oil can be ejected from the wellhead by its own pressure due to the high pressure of underground oil-bearing formations. Mechanical oil recovery is to use various types of pumps to extract crude oil from the well. At present, oil extraction is mainly based on mechanical oil recovery. Different geological conditions and different oil properties adopt different mechanical mining methods. Thus, you need different oilfield equipment.
Oilfield equipment procurement
As far as oilfield equipment is concerned, there are two main procurement methods. One is that the project department of the oil production headquarters is responsible for the procurement, and the other is to find experienced contractors to provide the company with high-quality equipment.
The first is the self-purchasing method. The owner directly signs a procurement contract and technical agreement with the oilfield equipment manufacturer and directly appoints the oilfield equipment manufacturer to provide professional equipment. The advantage of this method is that it saves a lot of intermediate links and saves money and the owner can directly understand the on-site situation, have a clear understanding of the oilfield equipment produced and to be used, and can also accumulate rich procurement experience.
The second is to allow the contractor to purchase, which can effectively control the on-site situation. If there are any problems in the installation, the contractor can be responsible. A familiar contractor can conduct on-site supervision, which can ensure that the quality of the oil equipment can be improved, and can also reduce the energy in the later stage.
Classification of oilfield equipment
The main feature of oilfield equipment should be that it is large and its structure is also very complicated. There are many bolt sight plate holes and reserved holes on the basic equipment, so the whole installation process is very cumbersome. There are many classification standards for chemical equipment and equipment, and it is very complicated. Here, only the method of “classification of petrochemical equipment” is used and briefly introduced.
1. Furnaces
- Heating furnace (including box type, tube type, and cylinder type)
- Gas (oil) generator
- Dry distillation furnace
- Cracking furnace
- Reformer
- Dehydrogenation furnace
- Hydrogen furnace
2. Tower category
- Sieve plate tower
- Floating valve tower
- Bubble tower
- Packed tower
- Cooling tower
- Coke tower
3. Reaction equipment
- Polymerization reactor
- Hydrogenation reactor
- Cracking reactor
- Reforming reactor
- Disproportionation reactor
- Isomerization reactor
- Synthetic tower
4. Storage tanks
- Metal storage tanks
- Spherical tank
- Non-metal storage tank
- Gas cabinet
- With mixing tank
5. Heat exchange equipment
- Fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger
- Floating head heat exchanger
- Plate heat exchanger
- Tube heat exchanger
- shaped tube heat exchanger
Installation of oilfield equipment
When the equipment is installed, it needs to be installed according to the construction drawings designed by experts. In addition, it must be installed reasonably according to the entire positioning axis and datum line. If it is further subdivided, the installation of equipment can be divided into direct locations and modified to the existing ones.
Before the equipment is installed, it is necessary to conduct an overall error analysis on the position accuracy or project of the equipment and use a precise measuring ruler to measure the dimensional error, vertical error, equal error, and coaxial error of each part of each oilfield equipment. For parts with errors, it must be adjusted scientifically, timely and accurately to ensure that the equipment can meet the standard of use. In the adjustment, the horizontal position, vertical position, inclination degree, and parallel state must be carefully checked and adjusted. For large-scale equipment, for the safety of the entire installation, necessary measures such as positioning and fixing the equipment must be taken to ensure the installation of the entire equipment’s security.
